Abstract
BACKGROUND: SGA (birth weight-BW- <10 p for gestational age-GA) is frequently associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery and adverse outcome. Data regarding the association of SGA with different outcome variables are not always univocal and sometimes contrasting.
AIM: To determine the risk of incidence of adverse outcome (mortality, respiratory distress syndrome-RDS, bronchopulmonary dysplasia-BPD, severe intraventricular hemorrhage-IVH, periventricular leukomalacia-PVL, retinopaty of prematurity-ROP and necrotizing enterocolitis-NEC) related to preterm SGA vs AGA.
METHODS: between January 2001 and October 2003 we investigated all neonates born at 24–34 weeks' gestation and admitted to our NICU. We excluded twins and infants with congenital anomalies and we considered elegible a total of 170 neonates. All infants were defined AGA or SGA by neonatal growth standards. Neonates were stratified for GA: SGA 24–30 wks (n 19) mean BW 732±202 g (440–1280 g), mean GA 27±1.8 wks. SGA 31–34 wks (n 28), mean BW 1397±262 g (940–1835 g); mean GA 32±1wks. AGA 24–30 wks (n 41) mean BW 1196±289 g (680–1880 g); mean GA 28±1.8 wks; AGA 31–34 wks (n 82): mean BW 2000±301 g (1340- 2730 g); mean GA 32±1wks. Multiple logistic regression analisys were used to relate each outcome variable to SGA or AGA (SPSS 10.0 for Windows).
RESULTS: SGA 24–30 wks vs AGA 24–30 wks: RDS (OR 5; 95% CI 0.5–43), BPD (OR 1.7; 95% CI 0.47–6.4), IVH (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.09–2.5), PVL (OR 1.5; 95% CI 0.22–9.7), NEC (OR 1; 95% CI 0.09–12); mortality (OR 3.3; 95% CI 0.7–14), ROP (OR 4.7; 95% CI 0.39–55). P=NS SGA 31–34 wks vs AGA 31–34 wks: RDS (OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.5–3.5); no cases of BPD, IVH, PVL, NEC, mortality in this group. P=NS
CONCLUSIONS: Although none of the comparisons resulted significant, SGA was a strong risk predictor for RDS, BPD, mortality and ROP in SGA <31 wks group.
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Castoldi, F., Fontana, P., Pogliani, L. et al. 39 Different Risk of Adverse Neonatal Outcome: Comparison Between Preterm Infants Appropriate for Gestational Age and Small for Gestational Age. Pediatr Res 58, 361 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-200508000-00068
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-200508000-00068