Paediatric kidney tumours comprise many different subtypes, each being heterogeneous in their cellular as well as genetic composition. Advances in the past decade in 3D culture models create new opportunities for the generation of preclinical models capturing this phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, potentially enabling the generation of patient-tailored therapies.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank T. Kluiver, M. Takasato, F. Schutgens and H. Clevers for contributing images. They thank M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink for critical reading of the manuscript. They are grateful for support of the European Research Council (ERC) starting grant 850571 (J.D.), the Dutch Cancer Society (KWF)/Alpe d’HuZes Bas Mulder Award (no. 10218, J.D.), Oncode Institute and Foundation Children Cancer Free (KiKa no. 292, C.C.) and by the SIOP Young Investigator Award to A.H.A.G.O. The authors apologize to those scientists whose work could not be cited owing to space restrictions.
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National Cancer Institute information on Wilms tumour and other childhood kidney tumours: https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/wilms-treatment-pdq
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Ooms, A.H.A.G., Calandrini, C., de Krijger, R.R. et al. Organoid models of childhood kidney tumours. Nat Rev Urol 17, 311–313 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-020-0315-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-020-0315-y
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