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Reproducible research for accelerating new battery technologies
New battery technologies are frequently reported, with breakthroughs in materials and performance determining where research efforts are placed. It is therefore vital that data related to materials synthesis, electrolyte/electrode fabrication, performance characterization, cell format etc. is reliable, repeatable, and ideally performed according to standard protocols. This will enable promising new technologies to be identified, developed and scaled-up more quickly.
This Collection shares opinions and research results for establishing standards and protocols that will enable reliable and repeatable reporting of battery research.
Electrolytes are a key component of a battery and therefore receive extensive research interest. This Perspective discusses how to ensure that reports of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions for lithium batteries are reliable and can be reproduced by others.
Coin and pouch cells are typically fabricated to assess the performance of new materials and components for lithium batteries. Here, parameters related to cell fabrication that influence the reliability of these measurements are discussed, including guidelines for reliable cell preparation.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is a powerful and increasingly accessible approach for studying kinetic processes in batteries. Here, key factors for using impedance to obtain accurate and reproducible data from batteries are discussed, providing guidance for researchers.
Mass spectrometry titration is useful for studying the chemistry of electrodes and electrolytes in batteries, giving insight into their failure mechanisms. Here, a protocol is established for reproducibly quantifying inactive lithium in anode-free lithium-metal batteries via mass spectrometry titration.
Battery research is often focused on candidate materials that result in the most promising battery performance numbers, which makes it vital that findings are accurately reported. This paper discusses a number of errors that often occur in the battery literature, which impact reproducibility.