Physicochemical heterogeneity poses a significant constraint in photocatalyst advancement. Here the authors introduce a multimodal optical microscopy platform to assess activity and defects concurrently in photoelectrocatalysts, revealing that disorder can unexpectedly enhance local photoelectrocatalytic performance in certain instances.

Solid polymer electrolytes containing N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) exhibit improved Li⁺ conductivity but poor cycle life due to incompatibility between the Li metal anode and DMF. Here, the authors report a polymer electrolyte composited with Hofmann-DMF complex that achieves both high Li⁺ conductivity and long cycle life.

Through neutron scattering experiments coupled with machine learning, the authors uncover the strong role of nuclear quantum effects in the dynamics of ammonia in both its solid and technologically relevant liquid phase.

The conversion between longitudinal heat flow and transverse charge current is a promising energy harvesting technology. Here, the authors show the large transverse thermoelectric effect induced by the mixed-dimensionality of Fermi surfaces.

The lithospheric structure controls crustal deformation in the western US. Particularly, its abrupt thickness change along the eastern boundary of the Basin and Range leads to enhanced lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction and localized earthquakes.

Since the Jurassic, East European basins have likely been situated over a weakening mantle upwelling, which heated the basins and created suitable conditions for hydrocarbon maturation, according to geodata combined with modelling.

The authors show that the presence of strong ocean internal tides in the South China Sea suppresses tropical cyclone intensification, mitigating their impacts on the highly populated surrounding regions.

When a solid object is placed in a supersaturated environment, it can exhibit interesting dynamics. Spagnolie et al. conducted an experiment using raisins and 3D-printed bodies in carbonated water and found that the motion of the solid object is influenced by the accumulation and release of bubbles as they reach the surface.

This study presents an unprecedented analysis of agricultural land multi-degradation in 40 European countries, using twelve dataset-based processes that were modelled as land degradation convergence and combination pathways across the continent.

The ubiquitous second messenger c-di-GMP regulates many biological processes in bacteria, including cell cycle, motility, virulence and biofilm formation. Here, Kaczmarczyk et al. develop a c-di-GMP biosensor that enables dynamic real-time tracking of c-di-GMP levels in individual living cells.

The epitranscriptome holds many unexplored RNA functions, but detecting multiple modifications from one sample remains challenging. Here, authors devise a strategy combining AI and nanopore sequencing to uncover a transcriptome-wide co-occurrence of two modification types in individual RNA molecules.

Aberrant signalling pathway activity is relevant for tumour growth and resistance to therapy, but remains hard to understand and target. Here, the authors develop VESPA, a phosphoproteomics-based machine learning algorithm that can elucidate response and adaptation to drug perturbations in cancer signalling pathways.

The NF-kB pathway is strictly regulated to prevent excessive inflammatory and immune responses. Here, Li et al. describe an alternative pathway of negative regulation of p65- driven gene expression.

Aberrant circRNAs expression in repair cells is intricately linked to deficits in wound healing. Here, the authors engineered extracellular vesicles enriched with circCDK13 and demonstrate their ability to facilitate diabetic wound repair.

Sleepwalking and related parasomnias are associated with partial awakenings out of non-rapid eye movement sleep. Here the authors show that when sleepwalkers have dream-like experiences during their episodes, they display brain activity patterns that resemble those previously described for dreams.

Type 2 inflammation drives the formation of pathologic mucus in patients with asthma. Here, authors reveal a role for intelectin-1 in IL-13-induced mucus properties, and that an ITLN1 eQTL is associated with protection from the formation of mucus plugs in T2-high asthma.

Public health and social measures for COVID-19 also impacted the incidence of other infectious diseases. In this study, the authors characterise the impacts of these measures on 24 notifiable infectious diseases in China until December 2023.

Primaquine treatment for breastfeeding mothers is currently not recommended. Here, the authors develop a pharmacokinetic model to predict drug exposure of infants and show that ingesting breastmilk from mothers treated with primaquine results in <1% of maternal drug exposure. This suggests that primaquine should not be restricted in post-neonatal breastfeeding women as standard doses are unlikely to cause adverse events in infants.

Plastics, chemical production, and fertilizers commonly rely on fossil fuels. Here the authors examine these uses in China and find that in 2017, 5%, 15%, and 7% of China’s total coal, crude oil, and natural gas were used as feedstocks in the chemical industry.

Sustainable agricultural policies need to be practically assessed. Here, the authors assess how management practices affect ecosystem services in Swiss agricultural grasslands showing that organic farming has a lesser impact than the eco-scheme and the use as pasture or meadow.

Decarbonizing the European ammonia industry: Less stringent emissions caps for electrolytic hydrogen production can significantly reduce costs and land use while still achieving more than 90% reduction in emissions relative to fossil-based hydrogen.

A hindcast experiment of the 2021 summer flood in West Germany unveils a 17-hour lead time for preparedness and advisable action, holding promise for impact-based forecasting of inundated roads, railways and building footprint in real-time.

Here, the authors show that elevated loneliness in adolescence and increasing loneliness over three decades is associated with heightened conspiracy beliefs in midlife.