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CNS cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the central nervous system. It includes brain stem glioma, craniopharyngioma, medulloblastoma and meningioma.
Autologous tumor lysate (ATL) dendritic cell (DC) vaccination can induce local and systemic anti-tumor immune responses in malignant glioma patients. In this randomized phase II clinical trial, the authors evaluate the effectiveness of adding the TLR agonists, poly-ICLC or resiquimod, to ATL-DC vaccination in patients with newly-diagnosed or recurrent WHO Grade III-IV malignant gliomas.
In a tumor-agnostic phase 2 basket trial, the oral FGFR1–FGFR3 inhibitor pemigatinib elicits responses in tumor types beyond cholangiocarcinoma and bladder cancer and in tumor types with rarer FGFR alterations, with insights provided into resistance mechanisms.
Correct diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma is key in determining treatment, however, this depends on pathology analysis. Here, the authors develop a deep learning method to diagnose primary nervous system lymphoma from stained whole-slide images.
Current guidelines recommend stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis measuring less than 3 cm but there is significant variability in outcomes following treatment. This study shows that in treatment naïve brain metastasis less than 3 cm, intrinsic biological differences across multiple histologies may influence response to stereotactic radiosurgery.
A CRISPR dropout screen for tRNA regulators identified YRDC as the top essential gene in glioblastoma stem cells. Threonine acts as a substrate of YRDC to facilitate the N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) tRNA modification and shift translation toward mitosis-related genes with a codon bias. Our findings support targeting glioblastoma growth by a well-tolerated dietary therapy.
Zhao et al. identified lymphatic endothelial-like cells in glioblastoma and demonstrated their role in promoting tumour growth through increased glioblastoma cholesterol metabolism.