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| Open AccessUltracompact mirror device for forming 20-nm achromatic soft-X-ray focus toward multimodal and multicolor nanoanalyses
Optics used for X-ray focusing suffer from wavelength dependent effects like chromatic aberration. Here the authors demonstrate fabrication of a ultracompact Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror and use it for achromatic focusing to 20 nm spot for the soft X-ray at 2-keV photon energy.
- Takenori Shimamura
- , Yoko Takeo
- & Hidekazu Mimura
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Article
| Open AccessDiamagnetically levitated nanopositioners with large-range and multiple degrees of freedom
Precision positioning stages are often central to science and technology at the micrometer and nanometer length scales. Here, the authors report compact, diamagnetically levitated positioning stages that achieve large-range, six degrees-of-freedom positioning with nanometer-scale precision.
- K. S. Vikrant
- & G. R. Jayanth
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Article
| Open AccessMeasurements of the size and correlations between ions using an electrolytic point contact
The size of an ion affects everything from the structure of water to life itself. Here, a sub-nanometer diameter pore sputtered through a thin silicon nitride membrane is used to systematically test ion permeability by measuring the electrolytic current and current noise and show that the ions move with a grossly distorted hydration shell in a correlated way.
- Eveline Rigo
- , Zhuxin Dong
- & Gregory Timp
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Article
| Open AccessIntegrated nano-opto-electro-mechanical sensor for spectrometry and nanometrology
Fully integratable spectrometers have trade-offs between size and resolution. Here, the authors present a nano-opto-electro-mechanical system where the functionalities of transduction, actuation and detection are fully integrated, resulting in an ultra-compact high-resolution spectrometer with a micrometer-scale footprint.
- Žarko Zobenica
- , Rob W. van der Heijden
- & Andrea Fiore
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Article
| Open AccessShaping micro-clusters via inverse jamming and topographic close-packing of microbombs
Self-assembled systems are normally composed of incompressible building blocks, which constrain their space filling efficiency. Yu et al. show programmable, densely packed clusters using thermally expandable soft microparticles, whereby the self-assembling process is realized via a jamming transition.
- Seunggun Yu
- , Hyesung Cho
- & Chong Min Koo
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Article
| Open AccessGiant heat transfer in the crossover regime between conduction and radiation
Kloppstechet al. report experimental observations of the heat transfer between a gold tip and an atomically flat gold sample in the 0.2–7 nm regime. The observed flux rates are four orders of magnitude larger than expected from theory, suggesting the possibility of additional heat transfer mechanisms.
- Konstantin Kloppstech
- , Nils Könne
- & Achim Kittel
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| Open AccessStudy of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps
Here, Cuiet al. report radiative heat transfer in few Ångström to 5 nm gap sizes, between a gold-coated probe and a heated planar gold substrate subjected to various surface cleaning procedures. They found that insufficiently cleaned probes and substrates led to unexpectedly large radiative thermal conductances.
- Longji Cui
- , Wonho Jeong
- & Pramod Reddy
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Article
| Open AccessApproaching the standard quantum limit of mechanical torque sensing
Cavity optomechanics enables measurement of torque at levels unattainable by previous techniques, but the main obstacle to improved sensitivity is thermal noise. Here the authors present cryogenic measurement of a cavity-optomechanical torsional resonator with unprecedented torque sensitivity of 2.9 yNm/√Hz.
- P. H. Kim
- , B. D. Hauer
- & J. P. Davis
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Article
| Open AccessObservation of an anomalous decoherence effect in a quantum bath at room temperature
Quantum objects are subject to decoherence effects due to the surrounding environment. This study demonstrates experimentally a counterintuitive example of anomalous decoherence, in which electron spins residing at nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond display longer coherence times under stronger noises.
- Pu Huang
- , Xi Kong
- & Jiangfeng Du