Table 4 Fasting blood samples and blood pressure in the three-meal (3M, n=49) and 3+3 meal (3+3M, n=44) groups of completers at baseline and after 1 year of treatment

From: Should snacks be recommended in obesity treatment? a 1-year randomized clinical trial

 

Baseline

1 year

Change

P-value

P-glucose (mmol/l)

 3M

5.4±0.6

5.3±0.6

−0.16±0.46*

NS

 3+3M

5.4±0.8

5.0±0.5

−0.33±0.78**

 

S-insulin (mU/l)

 3M

18.8±13.1

14.6±8.4

−4.0±11.0*

NS

 3+3M

18.6±12.5

15.3±7.9

−3.4±10.3*

 

S-cholesterol (mmol/l)

 3M

5.4±0.9

5.3±1.0

−0.11±0.59

NS

 3+3M

5.3±0.9

5.1±0.9

−0.16±0.64

 

S-HDL (mmol/l)

 3M

1.3±0.3

1.4±0.3

+0.1±0.21**

0.033

 3+3M

1.4±0.3

1.4±0.3

+0.02±0.15

 

S-LDL (mmol/l)

 3M

3.4±0.8

3.3±0.8

−0.10±0.50

NS

 3+3M

3.3±0.8

3.2±0.8

−0.08±0.60

 

S-TG (mmol/l)

 3M

1.8±1.0

1.6±1.0

−0.17±0.88

NS

 3+3M

1.6±0.6

1.4±0.6

−0.23±0.58**

 

Systolic BP (mm Hg)

 3M

127±15

125±16

−3.3±11.3*

NS

 3+3M

131±16

128±16

−4.0±12.7*

 

Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

 3M

83±9

81±10

−2.4±10.3

NS

 3+3M

84±10

81±10

−2.3±9.9

 
  1. Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NS, not significant; P, plasma; S, serum; TG, triglycerides.
  2. Mean values±s.d. are presented.
  3. Significant difference from baseline within group *P<0.05, **P<0.01.