Abstract
Prostate androgen regulated transcript 1 (PART-1), is a gene predominantly expressed in the prostate gland and is regulated by androgens in human prostate cancer cell lines. Here, we report additional characteristics of PART-1 tissue expression and hormonal regulation and study its expression profile in human normal and matched prostate cancer tissues. Since PART-1 shows similarity to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate specificity and regulation, we hypothesized that it may be implicated in prostate carcinogenesis or may be a potential new biomarker. We used reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to further characterize PART-1 tissue expression and hormonal regulation in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. RT-PCR analysis revealed that PART-1 is expressed not only in the prostate and salivary gland, but also in other tissues, including the thymus and placenta. In addition to androgen stimulation, PART-1 is also up-regulated by progestins, oestrogens and glucocorticoids. We further studied the expression of PART-1 in 27 paired (from the same patient) cancerous and non-cancerous prostatic tissues, with qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR (LightCycler® technology), in order to examine whether PART-1 is overexpressed or underexpressed in cancer. Our results indicated that PART-1 is more frequently overexpressed in the cancerous prostatic tissue. We conclude that this gene is overexpressed in prostate cancer and may represent a novel prostate cancer tumour marker. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
Change history
16 November 2011
This paper was modified 12 months after initial publication to switch to Creative Commons licence terms, as noted at publication
References
Black MH and Diamandis EP (2000) The diagnostic and prognostic utility of prostate-specific antigen for diseases of the breast. Breast Cancer 59: 1–14
Diamandis EP (2000) Prostate-specific antigen: a cancer fighter and a valuable messenger?. Clin Chem 46: 896–900
Heese A, Becker C, Noldus J, Graefen M, Huland E, Huland H and Lilja H (2000) Human glandular kallikreins 2: a potential serum marker for predicting the organ confined versus non-organ confined growth of prostate cancer. J Urol 163: 1491–1497
Lin B, White JT, Ferguson C, Bumgarner R, Friedman C, Trask B, Ellis W, Lange P, Hood L and Nelson PS (2000) PART-1: A novel human prostate-specific, androgen- regulated gene that maps to chromosome 5q12. Cancer Res 60: 858–863
Magklara A, Scorilas A, Catalona WJ and Diamandis EP (1999) The combination of human glandular kallikrein and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) enhances discrimination between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with moderately increased total PSA. Clin Chem 45: 1960–1966
Magklara A, Scorilas A, Stephan C, Kristiansen GO, Hauptmann S, Jung J and Diamandis EP (2000) Decreased concentrations of prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein 2 in malignant versus nonmalignant prostatic tissue. Urology 56: 527–532
McCormack R, Rittenhouse HG, Finlay JA, Sokoloff RL, Wang TJ, Wolfert RL, Lilja H and Oesterling E (1995) Molecular forms of prostate-specific antigen and the human kallikrein gene family: A new era. J Urol 45: 729–744
McDavid K, Melnik TA and Derderian H (2000) Prostate cancer screening trends of New York State men at least 50 years of age, 1994 to 1997. Prev Med 31: 195–202
McDonald S, Brive L, Agus DB, Scher HI and Ely KR (2000) Ligand responsiveness in human prostate cancer: structural analysis of mutant androgen receptors from LNCaP and CWR22 tumors. 60: 2317–2322
Moran WP, Cohen SJ, Preisser JS, Wofford JL, Shelton BJ and McClatchey MW (2000) Factors influencing use of the prostate-specific antigen screening test in primary care. Am J Manag Care 6: 315–324
Oesterling JA (1991) Prostate-specific antigen: a critical assessment of the most useful tumor marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 145: 907–923
Rhim JS (2000) Molecular and genetic mechanisms of prostate cancer. Radiat Res 155: 128–132
Rittenhouse HG, Finlay JA & Mikolajczyk Partin AW (1998) Human kallikrein 2 (hK2) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA): Two closely related, but distinct, kallikreins in the prostate. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sc 35: 275–368
Veldscholte J, Berrevoets CA, Ris-Stalpers C, Kuiper GG, Jenster G, Trapman J, Brinkmann AO and Mulder E (1992) The androgen receptor in LNCaP cell lines contains a mutation in the ligand binding domain which affects steroid binding characteristics and response to antiandrogens. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 41: 665–669
Webb V and Holmes A (2000) Urological cancers: do early detection strategies exist?. BJU Int 86: 996–1000
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
From twelve months after its original publication, this work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
About this article
Cite this article
Sidiropoulos, M., Chang, A., Jung, K. et al. Expression and regulation of prostate androgen regulated transcript-1 (PART-1) and identification of differential expression in prostatic cancer. Br J Cancer 85, 393–397 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1054/bjoc.2001.1883
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1054/bjoc.2001.1883