Here, live-imaging of cortical slices from mice at embryonic day 16 (E16) and E18 revealed that OPCs 'crawl' along blood vessels. WNT-activated OPCs expressed the chemokine receptor CXCR4, which binds endothelial stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1), and application of an antagonist of the CXCR4–SDF1 interaction prevented OPC clustering on blood vessels of mice with upregulated WNT signalling. Thus, WNT signalling promotes OPC–endothelial cell attachment during migration.