Table 4 Mutually adjusted associations between participant behavior and serum concentration of six PFASs (n = 178) with tests for statistical interaction by race for predictors with significant interactions in the unadjusted models

From: Serum concentrations of PFASs and exposure-related behaviors in African American and non-Hispanic white women

Predictor

Percent change in PFAS concentration (95 percent confidence interval)

 Response levels

PFOA

PFNA

PFDeA

PFHxS

PFOS

Me-PFOSA-AcOH

 Intercept

95.8 (43, 168)

−26.7 (−44.1, −3.9)

−78.4 (−84.7, −69.6)

−1.3 (−30.1, 39.5)

307.1 (187, 477.5)

−84.1 (−89.5, −76)

Glide floss

  Never

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  Ever

4.8 (−13.4, 26.7)

7 (−9.2, 26.1)

1 (−17.5, 23.5)

24.9 (0.2, 55.7)*

8.7 (−12, 34.4)

12.7 (−14.2, 48)

Non-stick cookware

  Never

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  Ever

4.3 (−16.7, 30.6)

−2.7 (−19.9, 18.1)

−18 (−35.4, 4)

−14.2 (−33.9, 11.4)

−11 (−30.7, 14.3)

5.1 (−23.8, 45)

Microwave popcorn

  Never

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  Ever

18.7 (−5.7, 49.4)

8.8 (−10.8, 32.6)

24 (−2.8, 58.2)

6.1 (−18.7, 38.6)

26.3 (−2.3, 63.1)

−12.4 (−37, 22)

City served by a PFAS-contaminated water supply

  No

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  Yes

100.3 (18.2, 239.5)*

83.6 (16.6, 189.2)**

67.9 (−4, 193.6)

103.5 (10.3, 275.2)*

62.8 (−9.5, 192.7)

52.4 (−28.3, 224)

Race

  Non-Hispanic white

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  African American

−52.6 (−65.8, −34.4)***

−21.4 (−40.6, 4)

−21.6 (−46.7, 15.4)

−18.9 (−39.5, 8.9)

−26.1 (−48.6, 6.2)

3.2 (−21.4, 35.6)

Education (Bachelor’s degree or more)

  No

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  Yes*Race

–

–

–

*

–

–

   Yes (NHW)

−7.5 (−24, 12.5)

−11.2 (−25, 5.1)

12.9 (−8.2, 39)

40.4 (3.5, 90.6)*

11.7 (−10.2, 38.9)

7 (−19.3, 41.7)

   Yes (AA)

   

−13.8 (−37.8, 19.5)

  

Stain-resistant carpet and furniture

  None

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  One or more*Race

–

–

NS

–

–

–

   ≥One (NHW)

2.8 (−15.3, 24.7)

18.7 (0.5, 40.2)*

39.6 (5.9, 84.2)*

−12.3 (−29.8, 9.7)

2.5 (−17.4, 27.1)

5.8 (−19.7, 39.5)

   ≥One (AA)

  

2.1 (−24.4, 37.8)

   

Coated cardboard containers

  Never

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  Low*Race

NS

NS

NS

–

NS

–

   Low (NHW)

2.9 (−22.1, 35.8)

7.7 (−15.2, 36.8)

−1.6 (−26.7, 32)

7.9 (−14.6, 36.4)

21.9 (−10.5, 66.1)

22.1 (−8.7, 63.2)

   Low (AA)

45.4 (7.8, 96)*

18.4 (−8.5, 53.1)

26.1 (−8.2, 73.2)

 

38.3 (−0.8, 92.8)

 

  High*Race

**

**

**

–

*

–

   High (NHW)

−36.9 (−63.8, 10)

−12.4 (−45.7, 41.3)

−26.7 (−59.3, 32.1)

10 (−25.4, 62.3)

−23.2 (−58.6, 42.6)

40.7 (−13, 127.6)

   High (AA)

99.9 (31.1, 204.8)**

95.9 (36.3, 181.7)***

124.4 (43.2, 251.5)***

 

89.6 (18.6, 203.1)**

 

 Model R2

0.21

0.16

0.16

0.17

0.12

0.04

  1. NS, p > 0.05; *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001
  2. For tests of interaction, we report the overall significance of the interaction term and the magnitude and significance of the race-specific marginal associations. Interactions not included in a model are indicated by dash and the non-conditional marginal association is reported
Back to article page