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Two cases of successful autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma and concurrent chronic myeloid leukaemia

Bone Marrow Transplantation volume 56, pages 514–516 (2021)Cite this article

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Although rare, cases of concurrent multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) have been previously reported [1]. There are five published cases of CML preceding a diagnosis of MM requiring therapy [2,3,4,5,6] and two preceding a diagnosis of plasma cell leukaemia (PCL) [7, 8], four of whom were receiving imatinib therapy. Six of these patients have received therapy for their plasma cell dyscrasia; however, there are no published reports of patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplant, which is the standard of care in patients aged <70 with multiple myeloma [9]. We report successful induction, stem cell mobilisation and autologous stem cell transplantation in two patients who developed MM on imatinib therapy for CML.

A 65-year-old male was referred for assessment after a full blood count demonstrated a white cell count of 119 × 109/L and platelet count of 1650 × 109/L in December 2013. Bone marrow (BM) biopsy demonstrated CML in chronic phase and there was no increase in plasma cells. Karyotype demonstrated 46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). BCR-ABL sequencing demonstrated that the breakpoint type was e19a2 (p230) transcript. He was commenced on nilotinib.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Haematology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Georgia McCaughan, David Ma & John Moore

  2. Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Georgia McCaughan, David Ma & John Moore

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  1. Georgia McCaughan
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  2. David Ma
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Correspondence to Georgia McCaughan.

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McCaughan, G., Ma, D. & Moore, J. Two cases of successful autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma and concurrent chronic myeloid leukaemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 56, 514–516 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-020-01025-8

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