Table 1 Summary population attributable fractions and attributable cases, by risk factor, sex and country, 2015

From: The fraction of cancer attributable to modifiable risk factors in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and the United Kingdom in 2015

 

All cancers excluding non-melanoma skin cancer (ICD-10 C00-C97 excluding C44), 2015

 

England

Scotland

Wales

Northern Ireland

UK

 

PAF (%)

Attrib. cases

PAF (%)

Attrib. cases

PAF (%)

Attrib. cases

PAF (%)

Attrib. cases

PAF (%)

Attrib. cases

Males

 Cancer incidence

152,891

15,184

9,837

4,650

182,562

 Tobacco smoking

17.3

26,375

21.1

3,204

18.6

1,832

17.8

830

17.7

32,242

 Overweight and obesity

5.2

7,960

6.0

909

4.6

450

5.3

248

5.2

9,567

 Occupation

4.9

7,458

5.8

875

5.3

520

5.0

234

5.0

9,087

 Radiation—UV

3.9

5,899

3.9

587

3.7

364

3.8

174

3.8

7,025

 Insufficient fibre

3.1

4,713

3.5

529

3.3

322

3.7

171

3.1

5,735

 Alcohol

3.0

4,634

3.8

572

3.2

319

3.5

164

3.1

5,689

 Infections

3.0

4,539

4.0

608

2.8

279

3.8

178

3.1

5,605

 Processed meat

2.0

3,096

2.3

346

2.1

204

2.4

112

2.1

3,758

 Radiation—ionising

1.7

2,675

1.6

239

2.0

196

1.7

80

1.7

3,190

 Air pollution

1.1

1,636

1.0

146

0.8

82

0.8

38

1.0

1,901

 Insufficient physical activity

0.5

794

0.6

85

0.5

51

0.6

27

0.5

957

 All of the above

38.0

58,141

43.3

6,567

39.0

3,838

39.9

1,856

38.6

70,425

Females

 Cancer incidence

146,862

16,266

9,251

4,606

176,985

 Tobacco smoking

12.1

17,738

15.6

2,532

13.4

1,241

11.3

519

12.4

22,029

 Overweight and obesity

7.5

11,036

7.6

1,244

6.4

590

7.0

324

7.5

13,194

 Infections

4.0

6,083

5.1

832

3.9

364

4.4

202

4.2

7,481

 Radiation—UV

3.8

5,541

3.5

570

3.4

311

3.4

157

3.7

6,579

 Alcohol

3.5

5,202

3.3

538

3.3

301

3.5

163

3.5

6,205

 Insufficient fibre

3.3

4,917

3.5

564

3.4

316

3.5

161

3.4

5,958

 Occupation

2.4

3,528

2.8

462

2.6

241

2.5

114

2.5

4,338

 Radiation—ionising

2.1

3,128

1.9

314

2.4

221

2.2

100

2.1

3,764

 Not breastfeeding

1.4

2,117

1.5

248

1.4

132

1.9

86

1.5

2,582

 Air pollution

1.0

1,442

0.9

142

0.8

74

0.7

32

1.0

1,690

 Processed meat

0.9

1,330

0.9

145

0.8

73

1.0

46

0.9

1,594

 Postmenopausal hormones

0.7

1,089

0.8

132

1.2

107

0.9

43

0.8

1,371

 Insufficient physical activity

0.5

801

0.5

86

0.5

49

0.5

25

0.5

959

 Oral contraceptives

0.5

667

0.5

79

0.3

32

0.7

30

0.5

807

 All of the above

36.4

53,480

39.7

6,455

36.5

3,373

36.1

1,663

36.8

65,130

Persons

 Cancer incidence

299,753

31,450

19,088

9,256

359,547

 Tobacco smoking

14.7

44,113

18.2

5,736

16.1

3,073

14.6%

1,349

15.1

54,271

 Overweight and obesity

6.3

18,996

6.8

2,153

5.4%

1,040

6.2

572

6.3

22,761

 Radiation—UV

3.8

11,440

3.7

1,157

3.5

675

3.6

332

3.8

13,604

 Occupation

3.7

11,078

4.4

1,373

4.0

765

3.8

353

3.8

13,558

 Infections

3.5

10,622

4.6

1,441

3.4

643

4.1

380

3.6

13,086

 Alcohol

3.3

9,836

3.5

1,110

3.3

621

3.5

327

3.3

11,894

 Insufficient fibre

3.2

9,630

3.5

1,093

3.3

638

3.6

332

3.3

11,693

 Radiation—ionising

1.9

5,803

1.8

553

2.2

417

1.9

180

1.9

6,954

 Processed meat

1.5

4,426

1.6

490

1.4

276

1.7

159

1.5

5,352

 Air pollution

1.0

3,078

0.9

288

0.8

156

0.8

70

1.0

3,591

 Not breastfeeding

0.7

2,117

0.8

248

0.7

132

0.9

86

0.7

2,582

 Insufficient physical activity

0.5

1,595

0.5

171

0.5

100

0.6

51

0.5

1,917

 Postmenopausal hormones

0.4

1,089

0.4

132

0.6

107

0.5

43

0.4

1,371

 Oral contraceptives

0.2

667

0.2

79

0.2

32

0.3

30

0.2

807

 All of the above

37.3

111,722

41.5

13,038

37.8

7,207

38.0

3,519

37.7

135,507

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