Table 1 Summary of recent advances in cross-linked hybrid metal oxides
Hybrid Metal Oxide | Cross-linker | Morphology | Properties | Limitations | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MnO/C | Alginate | Ultrasmall MnO nanoparticles in porous carbon | High specific capacity Enhanced rate performance Long cycle life | Aggregation of larger particles during cycling Capacity fading after first discharge cycle | |
Co3O4/C | Alginate | Hierarchical nanoporous structures | High rate performance Minimal capacitance loss High cycling stability | Lower specific capacitance at higher carbonization temperatures due to particle aggregation Decreased specific capacitance at increased scan rates | |
V2O5/graphene | Thiourea | 3-dimensional porous aerogels | High specific capacitance Good long-term cycling | Decreased interlayer spacing of graphene sheets upon annealing Incomplete phase transition of crystalline V2O5 at 300 °C | |
CdSe/TiO2 | Mercaptopropionic acid | Network of CdSe quantum dot-TiO2 nanocrystal heterostructure | Photocatalytic hydrogen generation | Decomposition of cross-linkers during the long-term photocatalytic reaction | |
TiO2/boron oxide | Perhydro-xylated dodecaborate clusters | Hybrid molecular boron oxide material containing embedded TiO2 nanocrystals | Fast electron transfer rate Energy storage capability Photocatalytic activity under visible light | Low electrical conductivity compared to other metal oxides |
