Table 1 Overview of vitamin D deficiency in regions highly affected by COVID-19.
From: Perspective: improving vitamin D status in the management of COVID-19
Country | Population of study | 25(OH) D status | Prevalence |
|---|---|---|---|
China [30] | 364 Chinese men aged 60–75 | Deficiency: <50 nmol/L Insufficiency: 50–75 nmol/L | 72% 22% |
Iran [31] | Meta-analysis of 48 studies including 1911 men and 3683 women (excluding pregnant women, children, and patients) | Deficiency: <50 nmol/L | Pooled prevalence 55.21% in men 64.71 in women |
Italy and Spain [32] | 420 patients ≥65 years old admitted to rehabilitation centers | Deficiency: <50 nmol/L Insufficiency: 50–75 nmol/L | 94.3% 81.2% |
United States [33] | 26010 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2010 | Deficiency: <50 nmol/L Insufficiency: 50–75 nmol/L | 28.9% 41.4% |
France [34] | 297 subjects studied in January and February 2015 | Deficiency: <50 nmol/L | 75.1% |
United Kingdom [35] | 278 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 41–92 years in London | Deficiency: <50 nmol/L | 61.5% |
