Fig. 5
Effect of sites distribution and distance between ecological optima on diversification dynamics. We generated 84 landscapes for which the environmental optima of the nine sites are randomly chosen in uniform distributions of various widths. The phenotypic distance between the optima of adjacent sites (and thus the degree of resource distributions overlap of adjacent sites) is different for each pair of sites, and there is no correlation between geographical proximity and ecological similarity (Supplementary Fig. 1). a Stationary species diversity as a function of the mean phenotypic distance between ecological optima of adjacent sites. b Speciation rate as a function of diversity. c Extinction rate as a function of diversity. d–f Diversification rate in stage 1 (d), in stage 2 (e), and stationary turnover rate (f) as a function of mean phenotypic distance between environmental optima of adjacent sites. The vertical dashed line indicates the phenotypic distance between environmental optima of adjacent sites in the baseline version of the model. The results are based on 50 simulation replicates for each landscape. Parameter values as in Supplementary Table 1
