Extended Data Fig. 10: ddhC reduces virus release of three different ZIKV isolates.
From: A naturally occurring antiviral ribonucleotide encoded by the human genome
Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of ddhC (0, 0.1 and 1 mM) for 24 h. After this 24-h period, the medium over cells was removed and cells were infected with fresh medium that contained the original concentrations of ddhC (0, 0.1 and 1 mM) and one of three strains of ZIKV; African strain MR766 (Uganda 1947), PRVABC59 (Puerto Rico; 2015) or R103451 (Honduras; 2016, GenBank: KX262887). After three hours of ZIKV infection, virus inoculum was removed and cells were treated with fresh medium that contained the original concentrations of ddhC (0, 0.1 and 1 mM). Virus samples were collected and the medium over cells was replaced with fresh medium that contained the original concentrations of ddhC at 24, 48 and 72 h.p.i. Viral titres at 24, 48 and 72 h.p.i. were determined using the plaque assay. a–c, Effect of ddhC on three different ZIKV isolates: MR766 (Uganda 1947) (a), PRVABC59 (Puerto Rico; 2015) (b) or R103451 (Honduras; 2016) (c). Analysis of ZIKV titres indicates that 1 mM ddhC inhibits all three ZIKV isolates compared to 0 mM ddhC. However, reduction in virus titre is more prominent at 24 h.p.i. and 48 h.p.i. compared to 72 h.p.i. when using an MOI of 1.0. The antiviral effect of ddhC is more prominent at an MOI of 0.1. Data are mean ± s.d. from three biologically independent samples, P values from a two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc analysis.
