Table 1a Characteristics of individuals with symptomatic coronavirus, influenza virus or rhinovirus infection
From: Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks
| Â | All who provided exhaled breath | Coronavirus | Influenza virus | Rhinovirus |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 246) | (n = 17) | (n = 43) | (n = 54) | |
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
Female | 144 (59) | 13 (76) | 22 (51) | 30 (56) |
Age group, years | ||||
11–17 | 12 (5) | 0 (0) | 8 (19) | 4 (7) |
18–34 | 114 (46) | 10 (59) | 11 (26) | 24 (44) |
35–50 | 79 (32) | 2 (12) | 16 (37) | 18 (33) |
51–64 | 35 (14) | 4 (24) | 8 (19) | 5 (9) |
≥ 65 | 6 (2) | 1 (6) | 0 (0) | 3 (6) |
Chronic medical conditions | ||||
Any | 49 (20) | 5 (29) | 5 (12) | 10 (19) |
Respiratory | 18 (7) | 0 (0) | 4 (9) | 3 (6) |
Influenza vaccination | ||||
Ever | 94 (38) | 6 (35) | 15 (35) | 20 (37) |
Current season | 23 (9) | 2 (12) | 1 (2) | 4 (7) |
Previous season only | 71 (29) | 4 (24) | 14 (33) | 16 (30) |
Ever smoker | 31 (13) | 1 (6) | 6 (14) | 6 (11) |
Time since illness onset, h | ||||
<24 | 22 (9) | 0 (0) | 5 (12) | 2 (4) |
24–48 | 100 (41) | 9 (53) | 13 (30) | 25 (46) |
48–72 | 85 (35) | 8 (47) | 18 (42) | 20 (37) |
72–96 | 39 (16) | 0 (0) | 7 (16) | 7 (13) |
History of measured fever ≥37.8 °C | 58 (24) | 3 (18) | 17 (40) | 8 (15) |
Measured fever ≥37.8 °C at presentation | 36 (15) | 2 (12) | 18 (42) | 2 (4) |
Measured body temperature (ËšC) at enrollment (mean, s.d.) | 36.8 (0.8) | 36.9 (0.8) | 37.4 (0.9) | 36.6 (0.7) |
Symptoms at presentation | ||||
Fever | 111 (45) | 10 (59) | 27 (63) | 16 (30) |
Cough | 198 (80) | 15 (88) | 40 (93) | 44 (81) |
Sore throat | 211 (86) | 15 (88) | 31 (72) | 49 (91) |
Runny nose | 200 (81) | 17 (100) | 36 (84) | 48 (89) |
Headache | 186 (76) | 13 (76) | 30 (70) | 38 (70) |
Myalgia | 176 (72) | 12 (71) | 31 (72) | 34 (63) |
Phlegm | 176 (72) | 9 (53) | 34 (79) | 41 (76) |
Chest tightness | 64 (26) | 3 (18) | 12 (28) | 9 (17) |
Shortness of breath | 103 (42) | 6 (35) | 14 (33) | 25 (46) |
Chills | 100 (41) | 8 (47) | 29 (67) | 16 (30) |
Sweating | 95 (39) | 5 (29) | 18 (42) | 20 (37) |
Fatigue | 218 (89) | 16 (94) | 38 (88) | 48 (89) |
Vomiting | 19 (8) | 2 (12) | 5 (12) | 2 (4) |
Diarrhea | 17 (7) | 2 (12) | 1 (2) | 6 (11) |
Number of coughs during exhaled breath collection (mean, s.d.) | 8 (14) | 17 (30) | 8 (11) | 5 (9) |
