Figure 1
From: Bee pollination increases yield quantity and quality of cash crops in Burkina Faso, West Africa
Fruit quality parameters of cotton (a) and sesame (b) resulting from pollinator dependency experiments in Burkina Faso, 2015. 550 flowers (2 flowers per treatment of 275 plants) from 11 fields per crop species were subjected to each pollination treatment: open natural pollination (OPEN, no manipulation), outcross-pollination (CROSS, emasculated flowers) and spontaneous self-pollination (SELF, exclusion of pollinators). Treatment effect was analysed using LMER with field and plant as random factor. Boxplots indicate the lower quartile, median and upper quartile, with whiskers extending to the most extreme data point that is no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the edge of the box. Letters indicate significance of differences in variable means at P ≤ 0.05.
