Table 1 Output from LMMs or GLMMs testing the effects of prenatal playback of incubation calls (treatment; n = 13) or contact calls (control; n = 18) on the number of song syllables that males (a) copied from their father, (b) failed to copy from their father, and (c) copied from non-father males or improvised. Models include playback treatment, father song complexity (number of different syllable types), and son nestling mass as fixed effects; and father identity as a random effect. For the variable ‘playback treatment’, estimates and SEs are for treatment males, with control as a reference.
From: Prenatal exposure to incubation calls affects song learning in the zebra finch
Estimate | SE | T-value | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(a) Copied syllables | ||||
playback treatment | −0.26 | 0.32 | −0.82 | 0.418 |
father syllable types (n) | 0.38 | 0.16 | 2.41 | 0.023 |
nestling mass | 0.04 | 0.16 | 0.26 | 0.796 |
Estimate | SE | Z-value | P-value | |
(b) Dropped syllables | ||||
playback treatment | 0.08 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.787 |
father syllable types (n) | 0.41 | 0.12 | 3.42 | 0.001 |
nestling mass | −0.01 | 0.14 | −0.07 | 0.941 |
(c) Non-paternal syllables | ||||
playback treatment | 0.84 | 0.30 | 2.78 | 0.006 |
father syllable types (n) | −0.11 | 0.15 | −0.76 | 0.447 |
nestling mass | −0.14 | 0.16 | −0.88 | 0.380 |
