Table 5 Comparison of the demographics and test results between two groups divided according to the Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II) scale.

From: The effect of anxiety and depression on progression of glaucoma

Variables

Low depression group,

(LD-G), 211 eyes

High depression group,

(HD-G), 40 eyes

P value

Age, y

52.67 ± 12.02

56.20 ± 17.34

0.224*

Sex, male/female

93/118

14/26

0.287

Hypertension, n (%)

39(18.5%)

8(20.0%)

0.822

Diabetics, n (%)

8(3.8%)

2(5.0%)

0.720

CCT, µm

539.66 \(\pm 48.31\)

523.33 \(\pm 30.10\)

0.109*

Axial length, mm

25.30 \(\pm 1.86\)

25.36 \(\pm 1.96\)

0.847*

PPA/Disc area, per 1 µm larger (%)

45.41 \(\pm 53.98\)

37.86 \(\pm 36.40\)

0.398*

Tilt ratio

1.21 \(\pm 0.22\)

1.18 \(\pm 0.16\)

0.242*

Torsion ratio

88.93 \(\pm 14.51\)

91.04 \(\pm 10.35\)

0.699*

VF MD, dB

 − 3.81 \(\pm 4.50\)

 − 7.30 \(\pm 7.68\)

 < 0.001*

VF PSD, dB

4.31 \(\pm 3.52\)

5.54 \(\pm 3.94\)

0.053*

VF MD progression rate, dB/year

 − 0.56 \(\pm 0.59\)

 − 0.67 \(\pm 0.62\)

0.539*

RNFL thickness loss rate, µm/year

 − 0.76 \(\pm 1.42\)

 − 1.45 \(\pm 2.33\)

0.074*

Follow-up duration (month)

63.02 \(\pm\) 31.16

61.57 \(\pm\) 37.36

0.851*

Mean IOP

13.93 \(\pm\) 2.96

13.93 \(\pm\) 3.25

0.993*

Peak IOP

17.66 \(\pm 4.27\)

17.70 \(\pm 3.76\)

0.960*

IOP fluctuation

5.63 \(\pm 3.51\)

5.88 \(\pm 2.54\)

0.675*

Mean blood pressure

94.89 \(\pm 12.26\)

90.42 \(\pm 7.45\)

0.102*

Disc hemorrhage

11(5.2%)

2(2.5%)

0.461

Heart rate variability

34.08 ± 16.28

47.77 ± 36.27

0.001*

  1. CCT, central corneal thickness; PPA, peripapillary atrophy; VF, visual field; MD, mean deviation; PSD, pattern standard deviation; RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer; IOP, intraocular pressure.
  2. Statistically significant values appear in boldface.
  3. *The comparison was performed using independent samples t-test.
  4. The comparison was performed using a chi-squared test.
  5. Continuous data are mean ± mean standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.