Figure 4
From: Prolonged California aridity linked to climate warming and Pacific sea surface temperature
Volcanic activity and solar and greenhouse gas and particulate radiative forcing42, modeled response of Nino343, eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST)44, Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index45, Santa Barbara Channel SST from ODP893A46 (Fig. 1), Sierra Nevada Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI)47, estimate of eastern California mega-droughts based on submerged tree-stumps48, Kirman Lake loss-on-ignition (LOI), diatom-inferred depth and salinity and charcoal accumulation.
Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) dry interval is indicated with tan shading. Heavier overlay lines represent LOESS (span 0.10) smoothed series.
