Table 2 Subgroup analysis of the relationship between hypertension and risk of breast cancer.

From: Hypertension and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Characteristics

No. of studies

RR (95% CI)

I2 (%)

P-valuea

P-valueb

Total

30

1.15 (1.08,1.22)

72.30

<0.001

 

Geographical region

 America

14

1.18 (1.06,1.31)

72.80

<0.001

0.84

 Europe

11

1.16 (1.05,1.29)

78.90

<0.001

 

 Asia

5

1.07 (0.94,1.22)

29.40

0.23

 

Study design

 Retrospective

18

1.29 (1.14,1.47)

77.80

<0.001

0.22

 Prospective

12

1.07 (1.01,1.14)

57.30

0.01

 

Number of breast cancer cases

 <200

9

1.20 (0.97,1.47)

62.90

0.01

0.98

 ≥200

20

1.15 (1.07,1.25)

75.40

<0.001

 

Data extracted from Mets studies

 Yes

7

1.26 (1.08,1.47)

59.40

0.02

0.38

 No

23

1.12 (1.05,1.20)

74.50

<0.001

 

Study quality

 NOS < 7

16

1.21 (1.10,1.34)

80.10

<0.001

0.88

 NOS ≥ 7

14

1.09 (1.01,1.17)

45.30

0.03

 

Definition of hypertension

 ≥130/85mmhg

11

1.14 (1.02,1.26)

54.40

0.02

—

 ≥140/90mmhg

3

2.18 (1.31,3.65)

42.40

0.18

 

 ≥160/95mmhg

3

1.09 (0.91,1.31)

79.70

0.01

 

Menopausal status

 Premenopausal

9

0.97 (0.84,1.12)

29.30

0.19

—

 Postmenopausal

13

1.20 (1.09,1.31)

63.20

0.001

 
  1. RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale; P-valuea, p for heterogeneity within each subgroup; P-valueb., p for heterogeneity between subgroups.
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