No validated biomarkers currently exist for appropriately selecting cancer patients for antiangiogenic therapy. A number of potential systemic, circulating, tissue and imaging biomarkers have emerged as suitable candidate biomarkers, but all require prospective validation. The authors discuss the current challenges in establishing biomarkers, the advantages and disadvantages of systemic, circulating, tissue and imaging biomarkers, and the future opportunities for validating biomarkers of antiangiogenic therapy.
- Rakesh K. Jain
- Dan G. Duda
- A. Gregory Sorensen