Iron deficiency is very common worldwide, and has detrimental effects in individuals with cardiovascular disease. Correction of iron deficiency via intravenous iron supplementation results in symptomatic improvement in patients with heart failure, and improved exercise capacity in patients with pulmonary hypertension, but iron administration after cardiac transplantation surgery is contraindicated.
- Stephan von Haehling
- Ewa A. Jankowska
- Stefan D. Anker