Secondary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic cholestatic biliary disease, which unlike primary sclerosing cholangitis, is thought to develop as a consequence of known injuries. The presence of sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients is a new entity that is increasingly recognized. This Review discusses the features, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment options for secondary sclerosing cholangitis and sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients.
- Petra Ruemmele
- Ferdinand Hofstaedter
- Cornelia M. Gelbmann
