Pili were first identified on the surface of Gram-positive bacteria almost 40 years ago, but it is only in the past decade that these structures have been studied in detail. In this Review, the authors summarize what is known about the structure, assembly and function of the pili of Gram-positive bacteria, focusing on the streptococci.
- John L. Telford
- Michèle A. Barocchi
- Guido Grandi
