Heart failure and renal dysfunction frequently coexist. The term cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is frequently used to describe this scenario, but the definition of CRS has been a matter of debate and has evolved over time. Here, the authors review the concept of CRS and its evolution and classification, and describe current and future targets for the clinical management of CRS. In addition, they propose a new classification system with seven distinct categories.
- Parta Hatamizadeh
- Gregg C. Fonarow
- Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
