Although studies in 2D cell culture systems have provided great insights into the biology and pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection, such studies cannot account for many aspects of host physiology that affect HIV-1in vivo. Fackler et al. discuss the development and application of more integrative studies, including organotypic 3D culture systems, small-animal models and advanced live-cell imaging, and the impact of such studies on our understanding of the mechanisms of HIV-1 spread.
- Oliver T. Fackler
- Thomas T. Murooka
- Thorsten R. Mempel