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| Open AccessA combined adjuvant approach primes robust germinal center responses and humoral immunity in non-human primates
Protein antigens, such as HIV envelope protein, require adjuvants for high immunogenicity. Here the authors show that a combined adjuvant approach with slow antigen delivery and potent ISCOMs adjuvant primes robust germinal center activity and humoral immunity in non-human primates. pSer-modified antigen shifts immunodominance to allow subdominant epitope-targeting of rare B cells.
- Ivy Phung
- , Kristen A. Rodrigues
- & Shane Crotty
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| Open AccessMucosal TLR2-activating protein-based vaccination induces potent pulmonary immunity and protection against SARS-CoV-2 in mice
Current vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 reduce mortality but are less effective in preventing infection. Here the authors show that intranasal vaccination with a subunit vaccine including an TLR2-stimulating adjuvant induces strong neutralising antibody and T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs that protect against infection.
- Anneliese S. Ashhurst
- , Matt D. Johansen
- & Warwick J. Britton
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| Open AccessDurability and cross-reactivity of immune responses induced by a plant-based virus-like particle vaccine for COVID-19
Here, the authors report results from a Phase 1 trial with an AS03-adjuvanted, plant-based virus-like particle displaying the spike protein of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Six months post-second dose, they observe good neutralizing antibody titers and T cell responses to ancestral virus and variants of concern in participants.
- Philipe Gobeil
- , Stéphane Pillet
- & Brian J. Ward
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| Open AccessCAF08 adjuvant enables single dose protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection in murine newborns
Respiratory syncytial virus is a major pathogen with burden observed and associated with childhood infection. Here the authors characterise a cationic adjuvant formulation and show single immunisation results in protection in a murine neonate model of respiratory syncytial virus infection.
- Simon D. van Haren
- , Gabriel K. Pedersen
- & Ofer Levy
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| Open AccessA molecular atlas of innate immunity to adjuvanted and live attenuated vaccines, in mice
Adjuvants provide additional impetus for the immune response to vaccination regimens, however their modes of activity and impact on particular compartments of the immune response are currently not well understood. Here the authors perform high resolution assessment of the immune response to a well-established vaccination model and show innate immune transcriptomic and epigenomic alterations of innate cells in the lymph nodes following vaccination.
- Audrey Lee
- , Madeleine K. D. Scott
- & Bali Pulendran
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| Open AccessAn amphiphilic dendrimer as a light-activable immunological adjuvant for in situ cancer vaccination
Immunological adjuvants are a crucial component of cancer vaccines. Here the authors design a light-activable immunological adjuvant, based on hypoxia-responsive amphiphilic dendrimer nanoparticles loaded with a photodynamic agent, promoting anti-tumor immune responses in preclinical cancer models.
- Yongchao Wang
- , Ningqiang Gong
- & Xing-Jie Liang
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| Open AccessOil-in-water emulsion adjuvants for pediatric influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Here, the authors meta-analyze clinical trials comparing adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted influenza vaccines in children and find that oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant improves the efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccines in healthy immunologically naive children.
- Yu-Ju Lin
- , Chiao-Ni Wen
- & Chi-Tai Fang
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| Open AccessAn inhalable nanoparticulate STING agonist synergizes with radiotherapy to confer long-term control of lung metastases
Successful anticancer immunotherapy should induce robust systemic immunity against metastases. Here, the authors engineer an inhalable nano-STING agonist, which synergizes with fractionated radiation to control lung metastases and confers long-term systemic antitumor immunity in mice.
- Yang Liu
- , William N. Crowe
- & Dawen Zhao
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| Open AccessEfficient oral vaccination by bioengineering virus-like particles with protozoan surface proteins
Giardia lamblia express a dense coat of variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) on trophozoites that protects the parasite inside the host´s intestine. Here the authors show that stability and immunomodulatory properties of VSPs can be exploited to both protect and adjuvant vaccine antigens for oral administration.
- Marianela C. Serradell
- , Lucía L. Rupil
- & Hugo D. Luján
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| Open AccessAugmentation of vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immunity by a physical radiofrequency adjuvant
Vaccine adjuvants ensure sufficient engagement of the immune system in vaccination, however safety issues can be associated with novel chemical adjuvants. Here, Cao et al. report a physical radiofrequency adjuvant to simultaneously augment vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses without potentially harmful adverse reactions.
- Yan Cao
- , Xiaoyue Zhu
- & Xinyuan Chen
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Article
| Open AccessAdditives for vaccine storage to improve thermal stability of adenoviruses from hours to months
Keeping viral vaccines cold from the manufacturers to patients is problematic and costly. Here, Krol and others show additives that can significantly improve at very low concentrations the storage of adenovirus type 5 at ambient and elevated temperature.
- Maria Pelliccia
- , Patrizia Andreozzi
- & Silke Krol
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| Open AccessSaponin-based adjuvants induce cross-presentation in dendritic cells by intracellular lipid body formation
Saponin-based adjuvants are being explored as vaccine components as they induce high levels of antigen cross-presentation, but it is unknown how. Here the authors show that these adjuvants enhance cross-presentation by driving production of lipid bodies inside CD11b dendritic cells.
- Martijn H. den Brok
- , Christian Büll
- & Gosse J. Adema
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Article
| Open AccessLigand-dependent genomic function of glucocorticoid receptor in triple-negative breast cancer
Glucocorticoids are widely used as coadjuvants in the treatment of solid tumours. Here, Chen et al. show that genes regulated by dexamethasone- but not Compound A-liganded glucocorticoid receptor are associated with therapy resistance and unfavourable clinical outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer.
- Zhong Chen
- , Xun Lan
- & Qianben Wang
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| Open AccessAnalysis of immunoglobulin transcripts and hypermutation following SHIVAD8 infection and protein-plus-adjuvant immunization
HIV vaccine development will be facilitated by having animal models that are predictive for translation to humans. Here, the authors use two nonhuman primate models to compare the effects of natural infection and different adjuvants on antigen persistence, diversity and humoral immunity.
- Joseph R. Francica
- , Zizhang Sheng
- & Robert A. Seder
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Defined TLR3-specific adjuvant that induces NK and CTL activation without significant cytokine production in vivo
Activation of TLRs by microbial ligands induces complex innate immune responses to activate host defence. Here the authors show that a synthetic TLR3 ligand can boost protective immunity without robust inflammatory cytokine production, minimizing toxic effects of immunization.
- Misako Matsumoto
- , Megumi Tatematsu
- & Tsukasa Seya
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A micro-sterile inflammation array as an adjuvant for influenza vaccines
There is a need of improved adjuvants for influenza vaccines. Here, the authors describe an adjuvant strategy using micro-fractional laser treatment combined with a topical cream containing a TLR 7 ligand that can enhance the immune response to intradermal vaccination with transient, constrained local inflammation.
- Ji Wang
- , Dilip Shah
- & Mei X. Wu