To avoid a 'capacity crunch', future optical networks will need to simultaneously transmit multiple spatial channels. For spatial multiplexing to be practical, the upgrade path from legacy wavelength-division multiplexed systems needs to be smooth and to consider integration-induced crosstalk from the outset.
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Winzer, P. Making spatial multiplexing a reality. Nature Photon 8, 345–348 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.58
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.58