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Improvements in coastal shallow water geophysical technologies and drilling must be coupled with numerical modelling in order to close the knowledge gaps that exist around coastal aquifers, suggests a synthesis of methodological challenges and future possibilities.
Margin sediments and rivers are the most significant sources of copper binding ligands in the ocean while sedimentation, microbial uptake and photochemical degradation are the major sinks, suggests a synthesis of research on the cycling of copper ligands in the oceans.
Instances of high-intensity wildfires which generate a fire-cloud chimney reaching all the way to the stratosphere have risen since 2013, signaling a need for closer monitoring and analysis, suggests a synthesis of confirmed occurrences.
Agriculture can be transformed to enhance farmland biodiversity and food systems’ sustainability through agroecological principles tailored to the current interplay between farmland biodiversity and agricultural production on all agricultural land.
Restoring degraded peatlands can return them to a state of net carbon sequestration and enhance their ecosystem resilience, highlighting the importance of peatland protection and restoration in climate mitigation, according to a synthesis of evidence from temperate and high latitude peatlands.
The compositional fingerprint of petit-spot magmas represents an enriched mantle source and carbonatitic or carbonated silicate melts below the oceanic lithosphere, suggests a synthesis of geochemical analyses on petit-spot volcanism.
Mineral doping of biomass prior to pyrolysis enhances carbon dioxide removal associated with biochar application to soils due to increased stable carbon yield, while also improving biochar fertiliser value through added nutrients and enhanced phosphorus availability.